Organizaciones justas: ¿Es posible construirlas?

Autores/as

Palabras clave:

Justicia Organizacional; Satisfacción Laboral; Procedimientos; Comunicación; Despidos.

Resumen

El bienestar de los trabajadores y la productividad de las empresas han sido temas de gran interés en la literatura científica y en la vida diaria de las organizaciones. La justicia organizacional es uno de los factores que contribuye a que se alcancen estos resultados. Las teorías que intentan explicar los efectos que tiene una percepción de justicia en el trabajo hacen énfasis en la relación de reciprocidad que debe existir entre el empleado y el empleador. La percepción de que el empleador actúa de forma justa da origen a sentimientos de confianza, compromiso y lealtad hacia el empleador, lo que repercute en un mejor desempeño laboral y en unas actitudes positivas en el lugar de trabajo. Cada uno de los procedimientos que se llevan a cabo en el ambiente laboral, tales como la selección de personal, la evaluación de desempeño, la resolución de conflictos, la distribución de las recompensas y los despidos tienen un alto riesgo de generar percepciones de injusticia por las partes involucradas, es por esto que deben repensarse a la luz de las dimensiones de la justicia organizacional. El objetivo entonces es conocer de qué forma se puede aplicar el concepto de la justicia en los procedimientos más importantes a nivel organizacional.

Biografía del autor/a

Elsa Maria Vasquez Trespalacios, Universidad de Guadalajara

Bióloga, Magister en epidemiología, estudiante de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud ocupacional en la Universidad de Guadalajara, México. Actualmente docente e investigadora asociada, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia. Intereses de investigación: salud de los trabajadores, justicia de las organizaciones, estrés laboral.

Carolina Aranda Beltran, Universidad de Guadalajara

Médico cirujano y partero, Maestría en ciencias de la Salud Pública, especialidad en salud en el trabajo, doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud Pública.  Actualmente profesora investigadora titular, Universidad de Guadalajara. Intereses de investigación: Salud de los trabajadores, Síndrome de Burnout.

Citas

Abas, N. A. H. b., Otto, K., & Ramayah, T. (2018). A Supporting Hand in Dealing with Interpersonal Conflicts: The Role of Interactional Justice. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 23, 79–99. doi:10.21315/aamj2018.23.1.4

Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in Social Exchange. New York: Academic.

Allen, T., Whittaker, W., & Sutton, M. (2017). Does the proportion of pay linked to performance affect the job satisfaction of general practitioners? Social Science & Medicine, 173, 9-17. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.11.028

Andreeva, E., Brenner, M. H., Theorell, T., & Goldberg, M. (2017). Risk of psychological ill health and methods of organisational downsizing: A cross-sectional survey in four European countries. BMC Public Health, 17(1). doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4789-3

Andreeva, E., Magnusson Hanson, L. L., Westerlund, H., Theorell, T., & Brenner, M. H. (2015). Depressive symptoms as a cause and effect of job loss in men and women: Evidence in the context of organisational downsizing from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health. BMC Public Health, 15(1). doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2377-y

Andrighetto, G., Brandts, J., Conte, R., Sabater-Mir, J., Solaz, H., Székely, Á., & Villatoro, D. (2016). Counter-Punishment, Communication, and Cooperation among Partners. Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, 10, 53-53. doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00053

Atwater, L., Waldman, D., Carey, J., & Cartier, P. (2001). Recipient and observer reactions to discipline: Are managers experiencing wishful thinking? Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22, 249-270. doi:10.1002/job.67

Babagana SA. (2019). Moderating Effect of Employee Participation on Factors that Determine Effective Performance Appraisal (EPA): Data Screening and Preliminary Analysis. International Journal of Academic Research Business and Social Sciences, 9(4), 116-134.

Ball, G. A., Trevino, L. K., & Sims, H. P. (1994). Just and unjust punishment: Influences on subordinate performance and citizenship. Academy of Management Journal, 37(2), 299-322. doi:10.2307/256831

Bies, R. J., & Moag, J. S. (1986). Interactional justice: Communication- criteria for fairness. In J. Press (Ed.), Research on Negotiation in Organizations (Vol. 1, pp. 43-55). Greenwich.

Blader, S. L., & Tyler, T. R. (2009). Testing and extending the group engagement model: linkages between social identity, procedural justice, economic outcomes, and extrarole behavior. J Appl Psychol, 94(2), 445-464. doi:10.1037/a0013935

Booij, L. H. (2007). Conflicts in the operating theatre. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol, 20(2), 152-156. doi:10.1097/ACO.0b013e32809f9506

Cameron, K. S., & Freeman, S. (1996). Downsizing and redesigning organizations. In O. U. Press (Ed.), Organizational Change and Redesign: Ideas and Insights for Improving Performance (pp. 19-65). New York: Oxford University Press.

Cortini, M., Galanti, T., & Barattucci, M. (2019). The Effect of Different Rejection Letters on Applicants’ Reactions. Behavioral Sciences, 9(10), 102.

Cropanzano R & Folger R. (1991). Procedural justice and worker motivation. In R. M. S. L. W. Porter (Ed.), Motivation and Work behavior (Vol. 5, pp. 131-143). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Cropanzano, R., & Ambrose, M. (2001). Procedural and distributive justice are more similar than you think: A monistic perspective and a research agenda Advances in Organizational Justice (pp. 119-151). Stanford.

Cropanzano, R., Bowen, D. E., & Gilliland, S. W. (2007). The management of organizational justice. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 21(4), 34-48. doi:10.5465/AMP.2007.27895338

Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social Exchange Theory: An Interdisciplinary Review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874-900. doi:10.1177/0149206305279602

Charness, G., & Levine, D. I. (2000). When are Layoffs Acceptable? Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment. ILR Review, 53(3), 381-400. doi:10.1177/001979390005300302

de Jong, T., Wiezer, N., de Weerd, M., Nielsen, K., Mattila-Holappa, P., & Mockałło, Z. (2016). The impact of restructuring on employee well-being: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Work and Stress, 30(1), 91-114. doi:10.1080/02678373.2015.1136710

Denise Francis, L. (2019). Organizational justice, sensitivity to injustice and the experience of stress. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 64(1B), 451.

DeNisi, A. S., & Murphy, K. R. (2017). Performance appraisal and performance management: 100 years of progress? J Appl Psychol, 102(3), 421-433. doi:10.1037/apl0000085

Dishon-Berkovits, M. (2017). The Role of Organizational Justice and Stress in Predicting Job Burnout. Journal of Career Development, 45(5), 411-424. doi:10.1177/0894845317705469

Dusterhoff, C., Cunningham, J., & Macgregor, J. (2014). The Effects of Performance Rating, Leader–Member Exchange, Perceived Utility, and Organizational Justice on Performance Appraisal Satisfaction: Applying a Moral Judgment Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 119. doi:10.1007/s10551-013-1634-1

Dutton J. (2017). Positive Organizational Justice From Fair to Fairer—and Beyond Exploring Positive Relationships at Work Building a Theoretical and Research Foundation. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Fischer, R. (2008). Chapter 8: Organizational Justice and Reward Allocation (pp. 135).

Folger, R., & Greenberg, J. (1985). Procedural justice: An interpretive analysis of personnel systems. Greenwich: JAI Press.

Gangloff, B., Mayoral, L., Personnaz, B., & Rezazi, A. (2016). ¿Los Asesores de los Managers Son Conscientes de los Factores Determinantes en sus Sugerencias Sobre Distribución de Primas?: Un Estudio Sobre Justicia Distributiva. Psykhe (Santiago), 25, 1-13.

Giannantonio Cristina, M. (2019). Effects of recruiter friendliness and job attribute information on recruitment outcomes. Personnel Review, 48(6), 1491-1506. doi:10.1108/PR-01-2018-0037

Goergen, C., Pauli, J., Cerutti, P., & Perin, M. (2018). The organizations. Justice, trust and retaliatory attitude: a study in a company the metal-mechanic sector. Cuadernos de Administración (Universidad del Valle), 34, 33-49.

Goldman, B. M. (2003). The Application of Referent Cognitions Theory to Legal-Claiming by Terminated Workers: The Role of Organizational Justice and Anger. Journal of Management, 29(5), 705-728. doi:10.1016/S0149-2063_03_00032-1

Greenberg. (1990). Organizational justice: Yesterday, today, and tomorrow. Journal of Management, 16(2), 399-432. doi:10.1177/014920639001600208

Greenberg. (1993). The social side of fairness: Interpersonal and informational classes of organizational justice. In R. Cropanzano (Ed.), Justice in the Workplace: Approaching Fairness in Human Resource Management In: (pp. 79-103). Hillsdale.

Greer, L. L., Saygi, O., Aaldering, H., & de Dreu, C. K. (2012). Conflict in medical teams: opportunity or danger? Med Educ, 46(10), 935-942. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2012.04321.x

Herr, R. M., Loerbroks, A., Bosch, J. A., Seegel, M., Schneider, M., & Schmidt, B. (2016). Associations of Organizational Justice with Tinnitus and the Mediating Role of Depressive Symptoms and Burnout-Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Behav Med, 23(2), 190-197.

Ibeogu, P. H., & Ozturen, A. (2015). Perception of Justice in Performance Appraisal and Effect on Satisfaction: Empirical Findings from Northern Cyprus Banks. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 964-969. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00359-7

Janss, R., Rispens, S., Segers, M., & Jehn, K. A. (2012). What is happening under the surface? Power, conflict and the performance of medical teams. Medical Education, 46(9), 838-849. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2012.04322.x

Karl, A., & Hancock, B. (1999). Expert Advice on Employment Termination Practices: How Expert Is it? . Public Personnel Managendem, 28(1), 51-62.

Khiavi, F. F., Shakhi, K., Dehghani, R., & Zahiri, M. (2016). The correlation between organizational justice and trust among employees of rehabilitation clinics in hospitals of Ahvaz, Iran. Electron Physician, 8(2), 1904-1910. doi:10.19082/1904

Konradt, U., Garbers, Y., Weber, M., Erdogan, B., & Bauer, T. (2015). Antecedents and Consequences of Procedural Fairness Perceptions in Personnel Selection: A Three-Year Longitudinal Study. Group and Organization Management, in press. doi:10.1177/1059601115617665

Lakshman, C. (2019). Consequences of paying CEOs for Downsizing: A Four-Country Study of the Impacts on Survivors vs. Victims. M@n@gement, 22(2), 250-272. doi:10.3917/mana.222.0250

Laundon, M., Cathcart, A., & McDonald, P. (2019). Just benefits? Employee benefits and organisational justice. Employee Relations. doi:10.1108/ER-11-2017-0285

Leventhal, Karuza, & Fry. (1980). Beyond Fairness A Theory of Allocation Preferences. Justice and Social Interaction Justice and Social Interaction (Vol. 3, pp. 167-218). New York: Springer-Verlag.

Loerbroks, A., Meng, H., Chen, M.-L., Herr, R., Angerer, P., & Li, J. (2014). Primary school teachers in China: associations of organizational justice and effort-reward imbalance with burnout and intentions to leave the profession in a cross-sectional sample. Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 87(7), 695-703.

Long, C. P. (2016). Mapping the Main Roads to Fairness: Examining the Managerial Context of Fairness Promotion. Journal of Business Ethics, 137(4), 757-783. doi:10.1007/s10551-015-2749-3

Lu, T., & McKeown, S. (2018). The effects of empathy, perceived injustice and group identity on altruistic preferences: Towards compensation or punishment. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 48(12), 683-691. doi:10.1111/jasp.12558

McCarthy, J., Bauer, T., Truxillo, D., Anderson, N., Costa, A. C., & Ahmed, S. (2017). Applicant Perspectives During Selection A Review Addressing “So What?,” “What’s New?,” and “Where to Next?”. Journal of Management, 43, 1-33. doi:10.1177/0149206316681846

Meinecke, A. L., Lehmann-Willenbrock, N., & Kauffeld, S. (2017). What happens during annual appraisal interviews? How leader-follower interactions unfold and impact interview outcomes. J Appl Psychol, 102(7), 1054-1074. doi:10.1037/apl0000219

Melchers, K. G., & Körner, B. (2019). Is It Possible to Improve Test Takers’ Perceptions of Ability Tests by Providing an Explanation? Journal of Personnel Psychology, 18(1), 1-9. doi:10.1027/1866-5888/a000212

Mooijman, M., & Graham, J. (2018). Unjust punishment in organizations. Research in Organizational Behavior, 38, 95-106. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2018.10.001

Mulders, J. O. (2019). Employers’ age-related norms, stereotypes, and ageist preferences in employment. Innovation in Aging, 3(Suppl 1), S570-S570. doi:10.1093/geroni/igz038.2109

Nikolaou, I., & Georgiou, K. (2018). Fairness reactions to the employment interview. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 34, 103-111.

Paterson, J. M., & Härtel, C. E. J. (2016). An integrated affective and cognitive model to explain employees’ responses to downsizing Managing Emotions in the Workplace (pp. 25-44).

Pfeffer, J., & Langton, N. (1993). The effect of wage dispersion on satisfaction, productivity, and working collaboratively: Evidence from college and university faculty. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38(3), 382-407. doi:10.2307/2393373

Rubin, E. V., & Edwards, A. (2018). The performance of performance appraisal systems: understanding the linkage between appraisal structure and appraisal discrimination complaints. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 1-20. doi:10.1080/09585192.2018.1424015

Sahoo, R. (2019). Organizational justice, conflict management and employee relations: The mediating role of climate of trust. International Journal of Manpower, 40(4), 783-799. doi:10.1108/IJM-12-2017-0342

Saxton, R. (2012). Communication skills training to address disruptive physician behavior. Aorn j, 95(5), 602-611. doi:10.1016/j.aorn.2011.06.011

Schulte-Braucks, J., Baethge, A., Dormann, C., & Vahle-Hinz, T. (2019). Get even and feel good? Moderating effects of justice sensitivity and counterproductive work behavior on the relationship between illegitimate tasks and self-esteem. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 24(2), 241-255. doi:10.1037/ocp0000112

Silva, M. R., & Caetano, A. (2016). Organizational Justice Across Cultures: A Systematic Review of Four Decades of Research and Some Directions for the Future. Social Justice Research, 29(3), 257-287. doi:10.1007/s11211-016-0263-0

Snorradóttir, Á., Tómasson, K., Vilhjálmsson, R., & Rafnsdóttir, G. L. (2015). The health and well-being of bankers following downsizing: A comparison of stayers and leavers. Work, Employment and Society, 29(5), 738-756. doi:10.1177/0950017014563106

Thomas, K., & Kilmann, R. (1976). Thomas-Kilmann conflict MODE instrument. doi:10.1037/t02326-000

Trevino, L. K. (1992). The social effects of punishment in organizations: A justice perspective. The Academy of Management Review, 17(4), 647-676. doi:10.2307/258803

Truxillo, D. M., Bauer, T. N., & Garcia, A. M. (2017). Applicant Reactions to Hiring Procedures The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of the Psychology of Recruitment, Selection and Employee Retention (pp. 53-70).

Tyler, T. R., & Blader, S. L. (2000). Cooperation in groups: Procedural justice, social identity and behavioral engagement (Vol. 45). Philadelphia: Psychology Press.

Tziner, A., & Levy, S. (2017). Examination of Performance Appraisal Behavior Structure. Frontiers in psychology, 7, 2075-2075. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.02075

Umiker W. (2005). Management Skills for the New Health Care Supervisor (Vol. 3). Canada.

Vaamonde, J. D., Omar, A., & Salessi, S. (2018). From Organizational Justice Perceptions to Turnover Intentions: The Mediating Effects of Burnout and Job Satisfaction. Europe's journal of psychology, 14(3), 554-570. doi:10.5964/ejop.v14i3.1490

van den Bos, K., & Lind, E. A. (2002). Uncertainty management by means of fairness judgments Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 34. (pp. 1-60). San Diego, CA, US: Academic Press.

van Prooijen JW. (2015). The punitive power holder: Social judgeability increases the severity of punishment. In IAP Information Age Publishing (Ed.), Research in Social Issues in Management. The social dynamics of organizational justice (pp. 121-140).

Wan, Q., Zhou, W., Li, Z., & Shang, S. (2018). Associations of Organizational Justice and Job Characteristics with Work Engagement Among Nurses in Hospitals in China. Research in nursing & health, 41(6), 555-562. doi:10.1002/nur.21908

Zwank, J., & Diehl, M.-R. (2019). Fairness as a disguise: Fear-driven motives for justice enactment during organizational change. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2019(1), 16755. doi:10.5465/AMBPP.2019.245

Publicado

06/18/2020

Cómo citar

Vasquez Trespalacios, E. M. ., & Aranda Beltran, C. . (2020). Organizaciones justas: ¿Es posible construirlas?. Revista Científica Visión De Futuro, 24(2). Recuperado a partir de https://visiondefuturo.fce.unam.edu.ar/index.php/visiondefuturo/article/view/425

Número

Sección

Artículos originales

Artículos similares

<< < 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 > >> 

También puede {advancedSearchLink} para este artículo.